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An Outdoor, Academic, Environmental Competition
for High School Students

   
 
 

 
 

Forestry Test 

There are several years of tests available:

2011
This was a combined test all 5 topics. This was due to the cancellation of the event at the site due to weather and flooding. The test was instead held back in the classroom.

2010

2009

2008

2007

2005

2004

 

 

 

2010 Test

 

Forestry Test

1. Identify this tree.

A. Baldcypress
B. Eastern larch
C. Dawn redwood
D. Norway spruce

2. The root system of this tree will have growths that extend above the soil surface. What is the purpose of these growths?

A. Trip pesky foresters
B. Allow oxygen exchange when the soil is saturated
C. Sprout clones
D. Provide stability for the tree

3. What makes this tree different from other conifers?

A. It looses its needles every year
B. It grows in wetter soils
C. It has serotinous cones
D. It has leaves

4. This tree is a type of cultivar of a species that grows in SW Ohio woodlands. What species is this tree a cultivar of?

A. Sweetgum
B. Sugar maple
C. Red maple
D. Box elder

5. What type of seed does this tree produce?

A. Samaras
B. Acorns
C. Nuts
D. Pods

6. Identify this forestry tool.

A. Maddox
B. Dibble Bar
C. Surveying bar
D. Incremental borer

7. Please identify this forestry tool.

A. D-tape
B. C-tape
C. Linear Tape
D. Grafting Tape

8. Please identify this forestry tool.

A. prism
B. clinometer
C. canopy densitometer
D. compass

9. Please identify this plant.

A. Buckthorn
B. Autumn olive
C. Spicebush
D. Honeysuckle

10. Please identify this plant


A. Ash
B. dogwood
C. red oak
D. black walnut

11. Please identify this plant?


A. spicebush
B. chokeberry
C. blackhaw
D. highbush cranberry

12. Eden soil formed in Residuum. What phrase best describes Residuum material?


A. Material that has moved from upslope
B. Material that accumulated as consolidated rock in place
C. Water deposited material
D. Wind blown silt material

13. Soil Survey information is provided in a variety of formats. Which of the following formats would contain the most current and up to date information?

A. Soil Survey booklet
B. USDA Websites, "Soil Data Mart", and "Web Soil Survey"
C. Soil CD's and DVD's
D. Soil Survey podcast

14. What keeps streams full of water even during periods of drought?

A. Storm water runoff
B. Leaking underground water lines
C. Groundwater
D. Discharge from dams
E. Surface water from previous rainfall


15. Why is the water property of high specific heat so important in aquatic ecosystems?

A. It keeps water from freezing in the winter
B. It helps regulate the rate at which water changes temperature
C. It enables chemical reactions to occur in water
D. It makes ice float on the surface of water
E. It is helps fish survive the winter in cold water

16. In the United States, what water use accounts for the greatest amount of freshwater withdrawal?

A. Power Plants
B. Public Water Supply
C. Irrigation
D. Industrial Water Supply
E. Navigation

17. Which of the following water conservation techniques also recharges groundwater supplies?

A. Watering gardens only in the hottest part of the day to maximize evaporation
B. Using a broom instead of a hose to clean off a driveway or sidewalk
C. Installing a flow-restricting faucet or showerhead in bathrooms and kitchens
D. Using porous pavement or gravel on driveways and walkways instead of asphalt
E. Washing your can less often

18. Frequent visitors to the park and most active at night these animals are the only true flying mammals:

A. Luna moth
B. Flying Squirrels
C. Bats
D. Owls

19. Coyotes easily adapt to suburban locations such as Voice of America Park. What actions should be taken to reduce conflicts between residents and wildlife?

A. keep pet food and garbage put away or covered
B. Call 911
C. Try to approach the animal and make friends
D. Nothing

20. Ohio's largest mammal made a rare visit to this area during the summer of 2009. What state endangered animal was it?

A. Coyote
B. Black Bear
C. Timber Wolf
D. Bobcat


21. What term describes young birds that are naked and helpless when they hatch?

A. Altricial
B. Diurnal
C. Oviparous
D. Precocial

22. What is groundwater, and what is its primary form in Ohio?

A. A large underground river derived from close by bodies of water.
B. Water that hits the surface and eventually makes its way down through sewer and drain systems.
C. Precipitation that infiltrates soil into available underground pores of rock, sand and gravel.
D. Water within a deep clay layer.

23. What is the most common problem associated with raw groundwater?

A. Unpleasant scent and color.
B. Hardness
C. Iron
D. Sulfur

24. What provides the "rust" taste and discoloration in groundwater, but can be removed by water softening or through a process called aeration?

A. Sulfur
B. Silica
C. Nitrogen
D. Iron

25. What is the main purpose of the Safe Drinking Water Act, developed in 1974?

A. Creating limits on contaminants in water that can adversely affect human health.
B. Regulating surface water practices.
C. Educating the public on purchasing water filtration systems for better quality.
D. Point Source pollution control.

 

 

2009 Test

 

 

1. Across the state of Ohio, forests were removed by the first settlers to the area. At this site what is the most likely reason the original forests were removed?

A. The trees were removed in order to be able to farm the land.
B. The trees were removed in order to produce charcoal.
C. The trees were removed in order to build the Honda plant.
D. The trees were removed in order to build U.S. Rt. 33.


2. Foresters need to know the diameter and the height of a tree in order to estimate the tree's board foot volume. One of the tools used to measure diameter is called a Biltmore stick. In order to achieve an accurate, consistent measurement the tree is measured at a point on the trunk called diameter breast height. Where is that point on a tree?

A. 3.25 feet off the ground
B. 4.25 feet off the ground
C. 4.5 feet off the ground
D. 5.5 feet off the ground


3. Tree #1 is a moderately large tree with normal heights ranging from 70 to 90 feet with diameters between 2 and 3 feet. The wood of this tree is considered to be hard, heavy and strong and the tree is considered to be a true bottomland species. Identify this tree.

A. Hackberry
B. Willow oak
C. Green ash
D. Pin oak


4. Utilizing a tree scale stick measure the diameter of tree #1. What is its' diameter?

A. 18 inches
B. 14 inches
C. 11 inches
D. 17 inches

5. Most Ohio trees offer multiple benefits for landowners and wildlife alike. Knowing what tree #1 is; which of the following is a major benefit of having this tree in the forested landscape?

A. It provides an acorn for wildlife
B. It produces high value timber products
C. It has a showy flower in the spring
D. It's limbs can be used as streambank stabilization material


6. While Ohio is known for its' forests full of hardwood trees, there is a small percentage of the state that is growing conifer or 'softwood' trees. What is that percentage?

A. Less than 5%
B. 5% to 10%
C. 10% to 15%
D. Greater than 15%


7. When looking at a forest to determine if it meets the criteria of 'old growth' there are many characteristics that need to be considered. Which of the following species would you expect to be present in the canopy of an Ohio 'old growth' forest?

A. Green ash
B. Pin oak
C. Tuliptree
D. American beech


8. Many of Ohio's forests are being changed by non-native insects and plants that are moving across the state. These changes have the ability to greatly reduce the species diversity of forest stands such as this one. Which of the following non-native species could remove tree #1 from this stand?

A. Ailanthus
B. Emerald ash borer
C. Bush honeysuckle
D. Gypsy moth

9. Tree #2 has a vase shaped form that reaches upwards of 100' and was heavily planted in the urban forest. The wood is used for furniture and paneling. Identify tree #2.

A. Sugar maple
B. American elm
C. American beech
D. White oak


10. What is the forestry term used to describe trees that will never grow into quality timber, due to their form and sometimes due to their species?

A. Snag
B. Cull
C. Hitch
D. Throw Back


11. Many Ohio landowners list wildlife as their primary forest management goal. If a landowner wants to manage this stand for wild turkey what characteristics of this stand would favor wild turkey?

A. Plenty of water
B. A heavily stocked stand
C. Oak trees to produce acorns
D. Trees with lots of limbs for roosting habitat


12. A diverse forest stand has the capability of yielding a wide variety of forest products besides timber. Identify the product most likely to be produced from this woodland.

A. Witch hazel bark
B. Firewood
C. Dogwood floral stems
D. Maple syrup


13. A landowner with an open field of Napannee soil may want to plant trees in an effort to start a new forest. Which of the following combinations of tree species would be a good starting point for planting, especially if a landowner wants to ultimately produce timber and wildlife habitat?

A. Yellow poplar, Sugar maple, Pin oak
B. American beech, Sycamore, Shagbark hickory
C. Ohio buckeye, Green ash, Sycamore
D. Pin oak, Swamp white oak, Sweetgum

14. When trying to reforest an open field of Napannee soils, landowners can use seedlings and/or seed. Knowing the key characteristics of this Napannee soil, when planting large acreages for reforestation purposes which of the following should a landowner use to ensure a more successful tree planting?

A. Fall planting with seed
B. Spring planting with bare root seedlings and a tree planting machine
C. Spring planting with seed
D. Fall planting with bare root seedlings and a tree planting machine


15. Trees growing along a body of water provide a multitude of benefits for aquatic wildlife. Identify one of the primary benefits.

A. Leaf litter adds oxygen to the water
B. Trees allow banks to erode putting silt into the water
C. Tree roots provide structure for in-stream habitat
D. None of the above


16. Every wildlife species has specific habitat needs. Some species thrive in the areas where open meadows transition into forested habitat. Which of the following wildlife make good use of such areas and may be considered 'edge specialists'?

A. Wild turkey
B. Pileated woodpecker
C. Black capped chickadee
D. Indigo bunting


17. There are many ways that landowners in Ohio approach harvesting their woodland acreage. Identify the harvest method a landowner should implement when wanting to regenerate an entirely new forest.

A. Select cut
B. Shelterwood cut
C. Improvement cut
D. Clearcut

18. The flagged tree along the drive is one that is seen all around western Ohio. It has many unique characteristics including a fruit that is very showy. Identify this flagged tree.

A. Yellow poplar
B. Bur oak
C. Swamp white oak
D. Buckeye


19. What characteristic about the flagged tree made it able to survive prairie fires when other tree species cannot?

A. It has thick bark that protects the tree from fire.
B. It has a deep root system that allows the tree to survive fast moving prairie
fires.
C. This tree likes to grow in areas where there is plenty of water, meaning fires
wouldn't be able to thrive around it.
D. Prairie fires move fast, so with no lower limbs this tree can easily survive the
fire.


20. Many western Ohio forests contain at least one and sometimes more large trees that have wide spreading crowns, large lower limbs and inhibit the growth of smaller trees around it. What term is used to describe these trees?

A. Veneer
B. Wolf
C. Sawtimber
D. Snag


21. Many characteristics have been identified to help define old growth forests. Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic?

A. Trees of great age
B. Even-aged forest
C. Treefall gaps
D. Diversity of plants and animals


22. Utilizing the tree scale stick, calculate the amount of board footage volume doyle rule in a standing tree that is 30" in diameter and 2 logs in length.

A. 968
B. 690
C. 658
D. 910


23. Identify the valuable timber tree with an edible fruit whose leaves contain cyanide. This tree has simple leaves and is considered to be a pioneer species.

A. Black walnut
B. Yellow poplar
C. Paw paw
D. Black cherry


24. Tree #3 produces a fruit that is considered hard mast and highly desired by many wildlife species. It produces lumber that is hard and used for cabinets, flooring and tool handles. Identify tree #3.

A. Green Ash
B. Hickory
C. Walnut
D. White Oak


25. Tree #4 is being ravaged by a non-native insect in many parts of the state. This tree was a preferred species for planting in both rural plantings and urban forests for years. Identify tree #4.

A. Ash
B. Elm
C. Hickory
D. Oak


2008 Test

1. Please identify this tree.

A. Black gum
B. persimmon
C. black cherry
D. red maple

2. Please identify this bush.

A. honeysuckle
B. autumn olive
C. spicebush
D. sagebrush

3. Would this tree be suitable for commercial timber.

A. Yes, because it is a high value species
B. Yes, because it is harvestable size
C. No, because the lower branches and split trunk make it a low value tree
D. No, because it a low value timber species

4. Please identify this native bush species.

A. honeysuckle
B. autumn olive
C. arrowwood viburnum
D. spice bush

5. Please identify this conifer.

A. White pine
B. Red pine
C. Eastern hemlock
D. Scotch pine

6. Please identify this tree.

A. red maple
B. silver maple
C. box elder
D. sugar maple

7. Why is this vine good for wildlife?

A .The soft mast it produces
B. The tangles the vines make
C. The vertical habitat it provides
D. All the above

8. The majority of the hardwood trees here are in the pole timber size class (5”-11” in diameter). What type of TSI (Timber Stand Improvement) will help increase the diameter of these trees?

A. crop tree release
B. understory removal
C. group selection
D. do nothing

9.  The hardwood portion of this stand mainly contains black cherry, red maple, poison ivy, grapevine, spice bush, and honeysuckle. These are all examples of;

A. hard mast species
B. hard mass species
C. soft mast species
D. soft mass species

10. From all the hoof prints along this trail it is evident that this area is used as a bridle trail. What impact do the horses have?

A. soil compaction
B. soil aeration
C. vegetation trampling
D. both a and c

11. What stage of succession is this stand closest to?

A. early successional
B. late successional
C. no succession present
D. does not count as part of stand is planted

12. What characteristic makes a good wildlife tree?

A. large healthy crown
B. short lived
C. no cavities
D. small crown

13. Where is dbh (diameter breast height) measured on a tree?

A. at 4.5 feet from ground on downhill side of tree
B. at  4.5 feet from ground on uphill side of tree
C. at 17.3 inches from ground on downhill side of tree
D. at 17.3 inches from ground on uphill side of tree

14. Which of these should NOT be considered for a long-term sustainable forest management plan?

A. current timber prices
B. landowner goals
C. recreation
D .wildlife

15. There are approximately how many different types of native hardwood tree species growing in Ohio?

A. 200
B. 100
C. 75
D. 50

16. A board measuring 24 inches long, 24 inches wide and 2 inches thick is how many board feet?

A. 1 board foot
B. 4 board feet
C. 8 board feet
D. 3 board feet

17. Which of the following bush species is not a nutritious food source for wildlife?

A. arrowwood viburnum
B. spicebush
C. raspberry
D. honeysuckle

18. Invasive plants can be spread through recreational use by:

A. seeds hitching a ride on clothing or fur of an animal
B. seeds dispersed by digestive track of a horse
C. seeds stuck in tire or shoe tread
D. all the above

19. Soil survey books are a great deal of help for foresters. What can a soil survey tell a forester that may be important when writing a management plan, keeping trail type recreation as a management goal in mind.

A. soil survey gives septic ratings
B. soil survey gives erosion rating
C. soil survey gives crop class
D. soils survey gives building ratings

20. Why might a timber harvest benefit a recreational area?

A. timber harvest can remove potential hazard trees
B. thinning of canopy could allow hard and soft mast trees to put on more growth and produce more food
C. can create more trails through the use of skid roads
D. all the above

21. Merchantable tree heights for sawlogs and veneer are generally estimated to the height where the trunk tapers to ______ inches.

A. 14
B. 12
C. 11
D. 10

22. When are sediment barriers used?

A. during all logging operations
B. when there is little to no undisturbed forest floor upon which to divert the water.
C. when there is an undisturbed forest floor upon which to divert water
D. sediment barriers are not used as a BMP in a logging operation

 
23. Which type of soil is best suited for black walnut?

A. Excessively wet
B. Poorly drained
C. Well drained
D. Excessively well drained

24. Which of these groups in general would not benefit from pruning in a pine plantation?

A. recreational users
B. foresters marking timber
C. pulpwood cutters
D. wildlife

25.Organic matter input to Elk Lake from the surrounding trees and shrubs is called:

A. allochthanous input
B. autochthanus input
C. herbivorous input
D. anaerobic input


2007 Test

1. This tree would be utilized by which wildlife species?
A. Indiana bat
B. Squirrels
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above

2. What caused the damage on this tree?
A. A person taking multiple increment cores from this tree to determine tree growth.
B. Yellow bellied sap sucker
C. Emerald ash borer
D. Two lined chestnut borer

3. This tree is a green ash. Which of these is a benefit of green ash to riparian areas?
A. excess nutrient absorption
B. soil retention
C. shading for vernal pools that may be present
D. all of the above.

4. This tree is a standing dead tree and makes good habitat for wildlife. What is another name for a dead standing tree?
A. snag
B. log
C. course woody debris

5. Please identify this tree?
A. American beech
B. American hornbeam
C. eastern Hophornbeam
D. serviceberry

6. Please identify this tree?
A. red maple
B. silver maple
C. box elder
D. sugar maple

7. Why is the tree excellent for wildlife?
A. the large nut that they produce (>1”)
B. the small nut that they produce (<1”)
C. the bark that bats can roost under
D. the fast dense growth of seedlings of this tree

8. How susceptible is this tree to emerald ash borer?
A. not susceptible
B. susceptible if tree is stressed
C. susceptible even if tree is healthy

9. There are over how many different hardwood tree species growing in Ohio’s woodland forests?
A. 200
B. 100
C. 75
D. 50

10. A board measuring 24 inches long, 24 inches wide and 1 inch thick is how many board feet?
A. 1 board foot
B. 4 board feet
C. 48 board feet
D. 2 board feet

11. The art, science, and practice of establishing, tending, and producing forest stands is the definition of what forestry term?
A. Logging
B. Sustainable yield
C. Silviculture
D. None of the above

12. In forestry what does the term DBH stand for?
A. Diameter at Biltmore Height
B. Diameter at Breast Height
C. Diagnosing Borer Head
D. Delimiting Borer Habitat

13. Which of these tree species would be suited to plant in a riparian zone?
A. sycamore
B. black oak
C. red pine
D. white oak

14. Foresters use the site index for trees in soil surveys all the time. What can the site index tell a forester about a soil?
A. the soil fertility for a specific tree species
B. the slope of the soil
C. where on the slope a tree will grow
D. how often the soil floods

15. Which of these is a sustainable fuel source?
A. coal
B. charcoal
C. oil
D. natural gas

16. What is the purpose of a waterbar?
A. to prevent soil erosion
B. to prevent people from driving down a logging road after a timber harvest
C. to reduce stream bank erosion

17. Along a streamside forest, which of the following silvicultural techniques should be utilized?
A. group selection
B. single tree selection
C. shelterwood method
D. clearcutting

18. Which of these plants produce nutritional mast for wildlife?
A. grapevine
B. honeysuckle
C. kudzu
D. Japanese knot weed

19. Forested riparian zones are good for…
A. reducing non point source pollution
B. providing habitat for wildlife species
C. increasing dissolved oxygen content in streams
D. All of the above

20. Which type of soil is best suited for black walnut?
A. Excessively wet
B. Poorly drained
C. Well drained
D. Excessively well drained

21. What is an economic use for trees that were thinned out for a crop tree release?
A. firewood
B. mulch
C. secondary wood products
D. all of the above

22. Joe has 8 acres of woods. The woods mainly consists of pole size oaks, hickories, ash and honey locust. Joe wants to perform a crop tree release in his woods. Joe also likes to view and hunt wildlife, so he wants to maximize wildlife opportunity in his woods. Which tree species should select against (which trees should he cut or girdle) in performing the crop tree release?
A. oak and hickory
B. ash and hickory
C. honeylocust and ash
D. ash and oak

23. Which of these plants would normally be associated with wetlands?
A. Thistle
B. Big Bluestem
C. Timothy
D. Cattail
E. Kentucky Bluegrass

24. In what part of the body do channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) have poison glands?
A. Barbels (whiskers)
B. Spines
C. Skin
D. Teeth
E. Channel Catfish have no poison glands

25. Which energy source below is non-renewable?
A. Conventional hydro-electric
B. Biomass fuels
C. Nuclear electric power
D. Solar energy

2006 Test

1) The actual width of the riparian forest buffer is site specific and dependent on landowner goals, how many zones should a riparian forest buffer have?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1

2) Tree #1 is considered to be a small tree or large shrub. When you crush its leaves they smell like a green bell pepper. What is tree #1?
A. Flowering Dogwood
B. Hawthorne
C. Redbud
D. Paw Paw

3) Foresters need to know the diameter of a tree and the height in order to estimate the volume that is in the tree. One of the tools used to measure diameter is called a Biltmore stick. In order to achieve an accurate, consistent measurement, the tree is measured at a point on the trunk called diameter breast height. Where is that point on a tree?
A. 3.25 feet off the ground
B. 4.25 feet off the ground
C. 4.5 feet off the ground
D. 5.5 feet off the ground

4) Tree #2 grows naturally in bottomlands, has a seed that is eaten by some songbirds, and usually makes a good home for woodpeckers and raccoons. What is tree #2?
A. Basswood
B. Sycamore
C. Willow
D. Cottonwood

5) Utilizing a Biltmore stick measure the diameter of tree #2. What is its’ diameter?
A. 24”
B. 22”
C. 20”
D. 18”

6) Tree #3 is a tree that is valuable both for timber and wildlife. What is tree #3?
A. Walnut
B. Hackberry
C. Swamp White Oak
D. White Oak

7) Since both tree # 2 and tree #3 are growing well on this site what does that tell us about the soils that are in this area?
A. They are moderately well drained
B. They are somewhat poorly drained
C. They are poorly drained
D. none of the above

8) Tree #4 is currently under attack in Ohio by a newly discovered non-native invasive insect. This tree species makes up about 12% of Ohio’s forest resource. What is tree #4?
A. Oak
B. Maple
C. Maple
D. Ash

9) The leaf of tree #4 is best described by which of the following terms?
A. Palmately compound
B. Pinnately compound
C. Simple
D. Twice pinnately compound

10) The lumber from tree #4 is easy to work, strong, hard and straight. What product is it best known for?
A. Baseball bats
B. Whiskey barrels
C. Railroad ties
D. Gunstocks

11) Riparian forest buffers are typically found in the flood prone areas adjacent to bodies of water. This means that the vegetation that grows there needs to be tolerant of flooded conditions. Which of the following tree species are tolerant to flood conditions?
A. Sugar Maple
B. White Ash
C. Black Cherry
D. Green Ash

12) Hardwood tree species planted in a riparian forest buffer are selected for a variety of characteristics. Which of the following characteristics are preferred when selecting trees for these areas?
A. Ability to provide a large canopy
B. Large amount of leaf surface
C. Produces heavy amounts of seed
D. Ability to support a variety of vines

13) When looking at the zones utilized to manage and establish riparian forest buffers, which zone is designated as the zone that allows the waters to infiltrate or percolate into the soil in order to clean waterborne nutrients/pollutants?
A. Zone 1
B. Zone 2
C. Zone 3
D. Zone 4

14) Periodically the US Forest Service does a survey of Ohio’s forest resources. The last complete survey was done in 1991. At that time, what percentage of Ohio was in forests?
A. 28%
B. 30%
C. 32%
D. 34%

15) Tree #5 is often found in bottomland areas adjacent to streams. It has a fruit that is attractive to songbirds. Identify tree #5.
A. Hackberry
B. Cherry
C. Sassafras
D. Mulberry

16) While Ohio is known for its’ forests full of hardwood trees, there is a small percentage of the state that is growing conifer or ‘softwood’ trees. What is that percentage?
A. Less than 5%
B. 5% to 10%
C. 10% to 15%
D. Greater than 15%

17) There are a variety of options when looking to re-vegetate riparian corridors. Vegetation should be chosen that would best meet the needs of the site. If you are looking to most effectively improve aquatic habitat, which of the following vegetation options would you chose?
A. Grasses
B. Shrubs
C. Trees
D. None of the above

18) In most forest ecosystems, natural disturbances along with human activities lead to changes in the amount of carbon fixed and the amount released. What does harvesting mature trees in these ecosystems result in?
A. A short-term increase in carbon released
B. A long term increase in carbon released
C. A short term decrease in carbon fixed
D. Both A & C

19) A growing forest functions as a carbon sink, which means it does which of the following?
A. Releases more carbon than it fixes
B. Fixes more carbon than it releases
C. Fixes the same amount of carbon that it releases
D. Doesn’t release any carbon only fixes it

20) When a landowner plants trees along a stream, they are doing so for a variety of reasons. Many landowners are looking for an investment into a future income. From which riparian management zone would a landowner be recommended to harvest trees from?
A. Zone 1
B. Zone 2
C. Zone 3
D. Zone 4

21) When managing a riparian forest buffer, the first zone directly adjacent to the stream is usually left undisturbed. Which of the following practices would you most likely allow to occur within this first zone?
A. Logging
B. Grazing
C. Hiking
D. ATV trails

22) In many areas of western Ohio, the riparian corridors were cleared at first by settlers to the area and then further cleared to provide additional acreage for farming activities. What is the removal of trees from these areas called?
A. Afforestation
B. Deforestation
C. Improvement cut
D. Agricultural cut

23) The aquatic food chain of most forested headwater streams in Ohio like Tawawa Creek is based on which of the following:
A. solar energy converted into tree leaves, limbs, and fruit which fall into the water
B. solar energy converted into algae that grows attached to bottom substrates
C. solar energy converted into planktonic algae cells
D. chemical energy converted into organic matter

24) Forests are predicted to show changes in the responses of species to climate change. Which of the following is the most likely scenario?
A. earlier onset of flowering with little change in species diversity
B. earlier onset of flowering and change in species diversity
C. delay in onset of flowering with little change in species diversity
D. delay in onset of flowering and change in species diversity

25) Wetland types are classified according to plant composition and water depth. One of these classified wetland types are identified as “Wet Woods”. Wet woods are typically defined as being wooded areas that contain which of the following characteristics?
A. Have lots of willow trees and are usually dominated with ponded water that is 12 inches deep.
B. Are dominated with trees taller than 15 feet (such as mature green ash, pin oak, silver maple, red maple, etc.) and soils are that are usually saturated or ponded with less than three inches of water
C. Are dominated with trees taller than 15 feet and soils that are usually ponded with more than 12 inches of water.
D. Are dominated with silky, gray, and red osier dogwood, buttonbush, common alder, willow, elderberry, and hardwood trees that are all less than 15 feet tall.


2005 Test

1. The normal life span of a wood shake roof is: a. 30 years

b. 20 years c. 25 years d. 35 years   2. The education building preservation plan calls for vegetation to be removed from the
    base of the building.  Select the rationale for removing the growth.
a. To help reduce foundation damage created by shrubbery roots. b. To help reduce foundation damage created by tree roots. c. To reduce siding damage. d. To help reduce potential moisture damage.   3. Trees growing along a stream are sometimes a source of conflict amongst people with
     varying points of view. Choose the best list that describes some common points of
     view.
a. Some fishermen like them because they cool the water, raising oxygen levels for the
    fish; Some people concerned with drainage issues fear the trees will fall in and cause
    log jams, blocking the flow of water; Some streamside residents don’t like them
    because it interferes with their view of the water.
b. Some paddlers don’t like them because it makes it harder to carry their canoe down to
    the water; some people with drainage concerns like that the tree roots help maintain the
    stability of the bank; some streamside resident like the trees because they are often
    sycamores or cottonwoods which deposit easy-to-manage leaves and debris on their
    lawns.
c. Some wildlife experts don’t like the trees because they provide poor habitat for
    animals; some emergency personnel don’t like streamside trees because they inhibit
    their access to the stream when someone needs to be rescued; some landowners prefer 
    a natural riparian ecosystem.
d. Some arborists think that trees growing on a streambank are prone to disease; some
    engineers think that trees are vertical killing machines; most beavers prefer upland
    trees.
  4. Erosion-prone streambanks can sometimes be stabilized to reduce the erosive force of
    the water. Which of the following drawings shows the best installation plan for
    deflectors and evergreen revetements:
a. b. c. d.   5. Trees and other plants play a role in the water cycle. What is the name of the process
    by which water contained in the leaves exits the plant and enters the air?
a. Adhesion b. Ejection c. Maturation d. Transpiration   6. Water defies the law of gravity to travel up the roots and xylem of the tree because of
    its physical characteristics. What are the names of the physical characteristics of water
    that allow this to happen?
a. Adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension b. Solid, liquid, and gas c. High specific heat index and flexibility d. Transparency and universal solvency   7. If a landscape designer wanted to design a residential lawn for a family who highly
    valued conserving water, which of the following measures would she take?
a. Include large areas of Kentucky bluegrass lawn b. Mix sand into the existing soil c. Choose plants that are native to the area d. Use mulch sparingly   8. Farmers can manage their operations to sequester more carbon by all measures below
   except:
a. Planting cover crops b. Applying manure or compost to cropland c. Clearing woodlands d. Restoring or protecting wetlands 9. Which woodland condition below best describes most woodlots in Preble County? a. Existing woods are large wooded areas b. Harvesting methods have increased the value of most woods c. Woodlots generally contain valuable, high quality trees d. Most woodland in the county will be more valuable with management   10. The site index for Red Oak is best for which soil found on this Historical Farm? a. Celina b. Crosby c. Fox d. Miami   11. Most of the woods in Preble County exist on the following areas except: a. Small farm woodlots b. Naturally wet soils c. Highly productive cropland d. Other soils not presently farmed   12. Which Statement below is false regarding woodland management decisions or trends
      in Preble County? 
a. Woodland acreage is decreasing b. Many farms utilize timber stand improvement practices c. Woodland acreage retained is often too wet to crop d. Woodland acreage was too rough (steeply sloping) to crop

 

13. Cultural land modifications such as the power line easement crossing this property
     often result in severe alteration of the natural resources.  How do such changes impact
     wildlife?
a. Power line easements are always devoid of wildlife habitat b. Power line easements can be managed in such a way as to provide early successional
    habitat for wildlife
c. All animals that come in contact with power lines are electrocuted d. Power line easements always consist of a monoculture of vegetation with minimal
    value to wildlife
  14. This tree species is often found in riparian areas and has great resource value because
      of its ability to stabilize stream banks and provide wildlife habitat.  Animals burrow
      within its root system and use the cavities formed in its trunk and large branches for
      nesting and shelter.  Name this tree. 
a. Black walnut b. Box elder c. Sycamore d. Red maple

 

15.  Observe the flagged Osage Orange tree – it is dying because it can’t effectively
       compete and survive in the shade.  Overall as a species, Osage Orange is classified
       as:
a. tolerant b. intolerant c. intermediate d. suppressed   16.  Note the flagged tree - #16.  What species is this? a. Black Walnut b. White Ash c. Bitternut Hickory d. Yellow Poplar   17.  If we were to remove competing trees from near tree #16 with the goal of making it
      grow faster, what would this practice be termed?
a. cull tree removal b. sanitation thinning c. shelterwood d. crop tree release   18. Facing the telephone pole located high on the hill above you, where are you likely to
      find more oak and hickory?
a. where you are currently standing in the bottomland b. on the northwest facing slope to the right of the powerline c. on the southeast facing slope to the left of the powerline d. Neither – oak and hickory are rare in southwestern Ohio.   19. Please identify shrub #19. a. spice bush b. blackhaw c. amur honeysuckle d. winged euonymous   20.  Please identify tree #20, that is often referred to as a “pioneer” species because it
       reclaims abandoned fields.
a. sugar maple b. burr oak c. hickory d. black locust   21.  Which of the following insects is a potential threat to tree #21? a. Emerald Ash Borer b. Gypsy Moth c. Eastern Tent Caterpillar d. Fall Webworm   22. In forestry terms tree # 22 is referred to as a: a. widow-maker b. stalk c. snag d. spalt   23. Which of the following is most likely to be the first tree to establish itself in an       abandoned eroded pasture in southwestern Ohio? a. Red Oak b. White Oak c. Blackgum d. Red Cedar 24. Use the tree scale provided.  If a tree has 1.5 logs and a circumference of 38 inches
      how many board feet would you estimate?
a. 80 b. 350 c. 370 d. 910   25.  If  a core sample is taken from a tree and it is determined to be growing at 5 rings per        inch, how many years will it take to grow 10 more inches in diameter? a. 5 years b. 10 years c. 25 years d. 50 years

2004 Test

Site Specific Questions (Located at service road at bottom of hill below the museum):

#1) Identify this species of tree which was once quite common along urban streets but has been devastated by disease ?
a. chestnut
b. elm
c. ash
d. birch

(Exhibit – tree flagged # ___ )

#2) Please estimate the approximate age of this tree?
a. 20
b. 40
c. 60
d. 80

(Exhibit - tree cross section)

#3) Assume this cross section of the tree was taken from the small end of a straight 16 foot log; using the tree scale stick provided roughly how many board feet of lumber would the log have contained ?
a. 60
b. 240
c. 80
d. 160

#4) In the wet bottomland area south of the road you will find predominantly one species of sapling sized tree thriving in the wet soil conditions; please identify this species?
a. eastern cottonwood
b. Green Ash
c. Silver maple
d. pin oak

#5) Which tree species would not likely grow well in the wet bottomland site south of the road ?
a. bald cypress
b. eastern cottonwood
c. American sycamore
d. black oak

#6) Which of the following species would not likely grow well if planted under the canopy of the other trees on this hillside?
a. American beech
b. yellow-poplar
c. Ohio buckeye
d. black maple

#7) On a typical hillside like this, which resource do trees compete the least for?
a. carbon-dioxide
b. soil nutrients
c. sunlight
d. water

#8) Note this shrub (flagged) in the understory; it is _______?
a. highly prized in order to promote diverse wildlife habitat
b. an indicator species denoting a healthy forest ecosystem
c. a rare threatened species due to human development
d. a non-native invasive species from asia

#9) which of the following trees currently present on this site might be considered part of the “climax forest” in this area?
a. sugar maple
b. black walnut
c. chinkapin oak
d. bitternut hickory

#10) Which of the following trees present on this site are not important hard mast producers for wildlife?
a. Bitternut hickory
b. Chinkapin oak
c. Black locust
d. Black walnut

#11) Note the split rail fence at the top of the hill, which of the following species of tree present on this site would have been best for the pioneers to utilize for the fence?
a. Bitternut hickory
b. Chinkapin oak
c. Black locust
d. Black walnut

#12) Please identify this flagged tree with warty bark that is in the same family as elm?
a. hackberry
b. honey locust
c. honeysuckle
d. hickory

#13) using the tree scale stick provided please roughly estimate the circumference of the flagged tree?
a. 6 inches
b. 12 inches
c. 24 inches
d. 36 inches

#14) Assume there was only 1 merchantible log in the tree from #13 – using the tree scale stick how many board feet of lumber would you estimate there to be in this tree?
a. 0
b. 60
c. 250
d. 600

#15) Which of the following hickory tree species is most likely to be utilized for a maternity roost site by the Indiana bat in the summer time?
a. shellbark hickory
b. bitternut hickory
c. pignut hickory
d. mockernut hickory

#16) Which of the following nut producing trees found in Ohio’s forests offers the highest nutrition for wildlife?
a. black walnut
b. yellow buckeye
c. shagbark hickory
d. white oak

17) Which of the following wetland tree species is a deciduous conifer?
a. white cedar
b. silver maple
c. sycamore
d. bald cypress

#18) The conservation practice where a farmer establishes several rows of trees adjacent to a stream or drainage ditch to remove pollutants and improve water quality is commonly called a?
a. no-till strip
b. filter strip
c. riparian shade alley
d. windbreak

#19) Which of the following tree species is often established from cuttings along an eroded streambank to help protect it?
a. White ash
b. maple
c. willow
d. walnut

#20) Which of the following is not a management technique that a responsible arborist would use in order to maintain street trees near powerlines?
a. Topping
b. Crown reduction
c. Directional pruning
d. All of the above

#21) Urban Ash trees are threatened by the emerald ash borer. From what neighboring state is the EAB threat most likely to come from:
a. Kentucky
b. Michigan
c. Pennsylvania
d. Indiana

#22) Which of the following professional organizations is responsible for the certification of arborists?
a. The Municipal. Arborists Association
b. The National Arbor Day Foundation
c. The Society of American Foresters
d. The International Society of Aboriculture

#23) Ohio’s primeval forests supported wildlife species no longer present in the state. Which of the following animals, dependent on woodland habitat, is no longer found here?
a. timber rattlesnake
b. elk
c. bobcat
d. wild turkey

#24) Which of the following describes forest management that results in small, isolated woodland blocks supporting a poor diversity of wildlife?
a. Forest isolation
b. Woodland corridors
c. Forest fragmentation
d. Clear cutting

#25) Over its lifetime this tree averaged a growth rate of 6 rings per inch. At this rate how many years would it take for a tree to grow an additional 4 inches in diameter?
a. 3 years
b. 6 years
c. 12 years
d. 24 years

(Exhibit - same tree cross section)

 

 
 
 

 

 

 

 

 


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